語法關系密切的兩個句子成分被其他句子成分分隔的現象稱為分割結構。英語中，分割結構的類型是多種多樣的。例如，英語句子的主語和謂語一般都緊密相聯，它們之間很少插入介詞等比較長的結構。但是，在有些情況下，或是為了保持句子的平衡，避免頭重腳輕，或是為了語義嚴密，結構緊湊，在主語和謂語之間有時也會插入其他成分。此外，還有定語(或定語從句)與其中心詞被分隔;某些詞語與其所要求的介詞被分隔;動詞與其賓語被分隔;介詞與其賓語被分隔等等�？傊⒄Z的分割應遵循尾重原則(應把長而復雜的成分放在句末，使結構勻稱)和句尾信息焦點原則(把新信息，即語意重點放在句末)。同時，在閱讀時要注意找出原來屬于一個整體部分的意義。
b0y-H/d/} S|l&fb n 1. Most novelists and historians writing in the early to mid-twentieth century who considered women in the West, when they considered women at all, fell under Turner’s spell.
!?yxh/>lM 分析：本句的主干結構是：Most novelists and historians…fell under Turner’s spell. Turner 是美國歷史學家。under a spell：被迷住，著迷。writing in the early to mid-twentieth century who considered women in the West, when they considered women at all 修飾主語，起分割主謂的作用。而其中的狀語從句when they considered women at all 是定語從句who considered women in the West中的狀語成分。
g<M0|eX@~ 譯文：從本世紀初到本世紀中葉從事寫作的小說家和歷史學家只要描寫婦女，就會描述西部婦女，而且都被特納迷住。
g* %bzfk=| 2. In the last eight years there were difficult, almost non-stop negotiations and reported threats of failure, ultimately overcome by a combination of creative compromise and stubborn determination—indeed, some call it unprecedented determination—to succeed.
fW(; 分析：本句的主干結構是：…there were negotiations and…threats of failure�！皁vercome by…”是過去分詞短語，修飾 threats of failure。stubborn determination 和其定語動詞不定式“to succeed”被“indeed, some call it unprecedented determination”分割。
2q+la|1Cr 譯文：在最后的八年里，進行了艱苦卓絕的、幾乎是不間斷的談判，其間屢經失敗之虞，但最終通過創造性的協調和要取得成功的頑強決心——確實有人稱之為前所未有的決心——而渡過難關，取得了勝利。
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\- 3. Abraham Lincoln is the most famous instance of the claim that Americans often made that in their country a man may rise from the lowest to the highest position.
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N1u 分析：the claim 和其同位語 that in their country a man may rise from the lowest to the highest position 被 the claim 的定語從句that Americans often made 分割。同位語從句在翻譯時可按照順序翻譯，將其翻譯為分句。
A8J?A#R*{q 4. The discovery of surplus value suddenly threw light on the problem, in trying to solve which all previous investigations, of both bourgeois economists and social critics, had been groping in the dark.
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