2016年新東方通用考博英語翻譯精講

英譯漢真題解析：（參考譯文可自己隨課堂記錄）

n 真題講解 1：

中科院 2012 年 3 月

PAPER TWO

PART Ⅳ TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 15 points)
Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into
Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on your Answer Sheet.

In order to think about the possibility of a science of virtues, we must, of course, reflect on what we mean by virtue. In the simplest sense virtues are dispositions to act in certain morally good ways. 1) Thus, a courageous person is disposed to face danger without fleeing, and we would be hesitant to characterize as courageous someone who runs away from danger. Yet, strangely enough, a person characterized by courage might in some circumstances flee from danger without causing us to doubt that he possessed the virtue. And, on the other hand, a person who lacked the virtue of courage might on occasion face danger without fleeing. 2) Sometimes, therefore, we will discover no perfect fit between virtuous character and a disposition to act in

新東方在線考博英語——翻譯精講課程

specific ways.

A little better characterization of virtues is to think of them as something like skills that we acquire through habituation. The pitcher (棒球投手) who throws a low strike over the outside
corner of the plate may just be lucky. If, however, he can do it time after time—habitually—he has acquired a skill. Virtues are something like that, though also a bit different. 3) They are not simply skills that, like technical competence, enable us to carry out a particular task with proficiency; rather, they are skills that fit us for life generally. Acquiring virtues is more like learning to drive a car than it is like merely being able to parallel park. Driving requires a capacity to respond in fitting ways to countless circumstances that arise along the way, not just the ability to carry out a single maneuver.