虛擬語氣表示說話人的主觀愿望、猜疑、建議或與事實不符的假設等，而不表示客觀存在的事實。虛擬語氣是由句中的謂語從句的特殊形式表示出來的。freekaobo將對2016考博英語語法虛擬語氣做歸納和用法。
qRg^Bp'VD# FhZ^/= As 一、虛擬語氣的常見類型和句型
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z@;UbD" (1)由wish引起的表示愿望的虛擬語氣
r)P^CZm A.用wish表示對現在的愿望時，它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為：過去式(be動詞用were)。
olNgtSX B.用wish表示對將來的愿望時，它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為：would, could, might+ 動詞原形。
HH>"J /;c, C.wish用于對過去的事實表示一種不可能實現的愿望時，賓語從句中的謂語動詞形式為：had+動詞過去分詞或could, would + have +動詞過去分詞。
;$|[z<1RdW The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it.
O2|[g8(_F ---“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.”
EG<YxN X, ---“That’s all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.”
9o <}*L I wish that he weren’t so lazy.
j';V(ZY&BB (2)had hoped引起的賓語從句中備用語動詞形式為would+動詞原形，表示一種過去未實現的愿望或令人失望的事。
4\)"Ih His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later.
nezdk=8 J/ (3)would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的從句中要求用過去式表示當時或將來的情況，用過去完成時表示過去的情況，表示希望或婉轉的責備。例如：
hlPZTr=a I’d rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把這封信立刻寄出去。
8r^~`rL I would prefer he didn’t stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那兒可得太久。
=VMV^[&> I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把這本書還了。
3V]B|^S (4)It’s (high, about) time that 句型中that從句中要求用虛擬語氣形式，即動詞要用過去式。
Gz JLG=M It’s time that something was done about the traffic problem downtown.
hLy D#XCFA It is high time that we put an end to this discussion.現在是我們該結束講座的時候了。
Hl"qLrb4 (5)as, 或者whether…or…謂語多用be的原形，引導讓步虛擬從句，這種用法通常采用倒裝結構：
i) nb^ Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, be they Christian, Islamivc, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on.
Si,[7um The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.
{C>.fg% t (6)由連接詞in case, so that ,unless, lest ,for fear that引起的狀語從句中，謂語動詞要用虛擬形式，即should(might, would)+動詞原形，例如：
uT8@p8 She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold. 她在那個嬰兒身上蓋上了毯子以免他著涼。
+NGjDa The bad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.
sY4sq5'! (7) if it were not for…與現在事實相反， if it had not been for與過去事實相反，兩個都相當于but for：
IwC4fcZX6 If it had not been for his help(=but for his help),we would not have succeeded.
SFrQPdX6V (8) 虛擬語氣用于as if(though)引起的方式狀語從句和表語從句中，其動詞形式與wish賓語從句的形式相同。例如：She often laughs spontaneously, and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a part of the sunshine above.她常常發出發自內心的微笑，而且她那美好的情緒像天上一道明亮的陽光一樣，常常流露出來。
8 2% ~WQnS They talked as if they had been friends for years.他們交談著，就好像他們是我年的老朋友一樣。
(0s 7<&Iu She looks as if she would cry.她看起來好像要哭了。
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a E (9)其它各種句型, as though, suppose, had rather, supposing, if only等等
8d9&LP v If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I buried my head in my hands for a cry.
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$ Z$R6'EUb1 二、特殊形式的虛擬語氣
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