2011上外博士考試英漢互譯

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English Essays: Sidney to Macaulay. "<w2v'6S
The Harvard Classics. 1909–14.
On Bacon
（英譯漢原文）
BenJonson
Dominus Verulamius 1 )v52y8G-p
ONE, though he be excellent and the chief, is not to beimitated alone; for never no imitator ever grew up to his author;likeness is always on this side truth. Yet there happened in my time one noblespeaker who was full of gravity in his speaking; his language, where he couldspare or pass by a jest, was nobly censorious. 2 No man ever spake more neatly, more presly, 3 more weightily, or suffered less emptiness,less idleness, in what he uttered. No member of his speech but consisted of hisown graces. His hearers could not cough, or look aside from him, without loss.He commanded where he spoke, and had his judges angry and pleased at hisdevotion. 4 No man had their affections more in hispower. The fear of every man that heard him was lest he should make an end. Rj}o4s2x
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Scriptorum catalogus. 5—Cicero issaid to be the only wit that the people of Rome had equalled to their empire. Ingeniumpar imperio. We have had many, and in their several ages (to take in butthe former seculum 6) Sir Thomas More, the elder Wyatt, HenryEarl of Surrey, Chaloner, Smith, Eliot,B[ishop] Gardiner, were for their times admirable; and the more, because theybegan eloquence with us. Sir Nico[las] Bacon was singular, and almost alone, inthe beginning of Queen Elizabeth’s times. Sir Philip Sidney and Mr. Hooker (indifferent matter) grew great masters of wit and language, and in whom all vigorof invention and strength of judgment met. The Earl of Essex, noble and high;and Sir Walter Raleigh, not to be contemned, either for judgment or style; SirHenry Savile, grave, and truly lettered; Sir Edwin Sandys, excellent in both;Lo[rd] Egerton, the Chancellor, a grave and great orator, and best when he wasprovoked; but his learned and able, though unfortunate, successor 7 is he who hath filled up all numbers, andperformed that in our tongue which may be compared or preferred either toinsolent Greece or haughty Rome. In short, within his view, and about histimes, were all the wits born that could honor a language or help study. Nowthings daily fall, wits grow downward, and eloquence grows backward; so that hemay be named and stand as the mark and [Greek] 8 of our language. {+"g':><
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De augmentis scientiarum. 9—I have ever observed it to have been theoffice of a wise patriot, among the greatest affairs of the State, to take careof the commonwealth of learning. For schools, they are the seminaries of State;and nothing is worthier the study of a statesman than that part of the republicwhich we call the advancement of letters. Witness the care of Julius Cæsar,who, in the heat of the civil war, writ his books of Analogy, anddedicated them to Tully. This made the late Lord S[aint] Alban 10 entitle his work Novum Organum;which, though by the most of superficial men, who cannot get beyond the titleof nominals, 11 it is not penetrated nor understood, itreally openeth all defects of learning whatsoever, and is a book