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2011上外博士考試英漢互譯
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English Essays: Sidney to Macaulay. MFiX8zwhx+
The Harvard Classics. 1909–14. On Bacon （英譯漢原文） BenJonson Dominus Verulamius 1 #f\U3p
ONE, though he be excellent and the chief, is not to beimitated alone; for never no imitator ever grew up to his author;likeness is always on this side truth. Yet there happened in my time one noblespeaker who was full of gravity in his speaking; his language, where he couldspare or pass by a jest, was nobly censorious. 2 No man ever spake more neatly, more presly, 3 more weightily, or suffered less emptiness,less idleness, in what he uttered. No member of his speech but consisted of hisown graces. His hearers could not cough, or look aside from him, without loss.He commanded where he spoke, and had his judges angry and pleased at hisdevotion. 4 No man had their affections more in hispower. The fear of every man that heard him was lest he should make an end. 8iqx*8}
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Scriptorum catalogus. 5—Cicero issaid to be the only wit that the people of Rome had equalled to their empire. Ingeniumpar imperio. We have had many, and in their several ages (to take in butthe former seculum 6) Sir Thomas More, the elder Wyatt, HenryEarl of Surrey, Chaloner, Smith, Eliot,B[ishop] Gardiner, were for their times admirable; and the more, because theybegan eloquence with us. Sir Nico[las] Bacon was singular, and almost alone, inthe beginning of Queen Elizabeth’s times. Sir Philip Sidney and Mr. Hooker (indifferent matter) grew great masters of wit and language, and in whom all vigorof invention and strength of judgment met. The Earl of Essex, noble and high;and Sir Walter Raleigh, not to be contemned, either for judgment or style; SirHenry Savile, grave, and truly lettered; Sir Edwin Sandys, excellent in both;Lo[rd] Egerton, the Chancellor, a grave and great orator, and best when he wasprovoked; but his learned and able, though unfortunate, successor 7 is he who hath filled up all numbers, andperformed that in our tongue which may be compared or preferred either toinsolent Greece or haughty Rome. In short, within his view, and about histimes, were all the wits born that could honor a language or help study. Nowthings daily fall, wits grow downward, and eloquence grows backward; so that hemay be named and stand as the mark and [Greek] 8 of our language. I/pavh
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De augmentis scientiarum. 9—I have ever observed it to have been theoffice of a wise patriot, among the greatest affairs of the State, to take careof the commonwealth of learning. For schools, they are the seminaries of State;and nothing is worthier the study of a statesman than that part of the republicwhich we call the advancement of letters. Witness the care of Julius Cæsar,who, in the heat of the civil war, writ his books of Analogy, anddedicated them to Tully. This made the late Lord S[aint] Alban 10 entitle his work Novum Organum;which, though by the most of superficial men, who cannot get beyond the titleof nominals, 11 it is not penetrated nor understood, itreally openeth all defects of learning whatsoever, and is a book
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Qui longum noto scriptori porrigetævum. 12 C8-4 m68"
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My conceit of his person was never increased toward himby his place or honors. But I have and do reverence him for the greatness thatwas only proper to himself, in that he seemed to me ever, by his work, one ofthe greatest men, and most worthy of admiration, that had been in many ages. Inhis adversity I ever prayed that God would give him strength; for greatness hecould not want. Neither could I condole in a word or syllable for him, asknowing no accident could do harm to virtue, but rather help to make itmanifest. st
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Note 1. Francis Bacon, Lord Verulam. Note 2. Severe. Note 3. Concisely. Note 4. Choice, disposal. Note 5. Catalogue of writers. Note 6. Century. Note 7. Bacon. Note 8. Acme. Note 9. Concerning the advancement of the sciences. Note 10. Bacon. Note 11. Names of things. Note 12. “Which extends to the famous author a long future.”—Horace, Ars. Poet., 346. 三更有夢書當枕[font=ˎ̥, serif] （漢譯英原文）[font=ˎ̥, serif] 祝勇[font=ˎ̥, serif] 讀書需要一種心境。安詳的心緒以及靜謐的氛圍，都可以將我帶入那種既恍惚空靈又旖旎美妙的境界中去。在一種如詩的意境中讀書，心靈會像熱水里的新茶一般絲絲縷縷地舒展開來，抑或會感到那個溫暖的杯底從心房間熨過，熨平心上的每一條褶皺。[font=ˎ̥, serif] ?h<I:[oZ
心境搖曳不可讀書，功利浮躁不可讀書，靈魂紛亂不可讀書。讀書需要靜下心來，心無旁騖，仿佛人于樹下禪定，風聲雨聲車聲馬聲，無一入其耳；酒色財氣，無一動其心。其中境界如徐燕謀贈錢鐘書先生的佳句[font=ˎ̥, serif]:“北海西山都可戀，我來只為讀奇書。[font=ˎ̥, serif]” ~+q$TV
于幽美如詩情琴韻的意境之外讀書，看來幾乎是不可能的。想起一位偉人青年時錘煉自己，專揀市聲嘈雜之處讀書，常激賞贊嘆，這種大境界，非常人所能修得�？磥�，片刻寧靜，一室溫馨，對讀書人是何等重要。求生存的匆促步履，打亂了眾生心靈的止水。愛于時光的余白處，慵讀幾頁書，犒賞一下干渴的靈魂，可是家務勞動、友人來訪、子女教育以及電視喇叭的聒噪，使你無處躲藏。日常的喧囂里，早已不進須臾的寧靜。[font=ˎ̥, serif] df&d+jY
所以深夜是最宜于讀書的時候。這時，人已去，茶已涼，片刻前還熱鬧非凡的斗室驟然闃寂。家人睡熟，喋喋不休的電視也早已啞然無聲。月華似水，佳期如夢，捻亮床頭一盞青燈，取一個舒適的姿勢，或躺或坐，羅埝掩住半個身子就可以了。[font=ˎ̥, serif] [ 3]!*Cd
書是選好的，就放在枕下，不必從書架上查取。用不著書簽指路，一下就能翻到要看的地方，對于一個真正的讀書人來說，這動作就該像手巧的售貨員取貨一樣嫻熟。不緊不慢地接著昨天的看，若是情節極佳的小說，可以一口氣讀上三五十頁[font=ˎ̥, serif];若是散文，品上幾篇也就夠了，不必太多。像少年時讀書那樣，不眨眼看到明天，是不可能的。因為明天一早，還有許多重要的事情等待著我。學生時代焚膏繼晷的苦讀對我來說已成一種可望而不可及的奢移。不再去想那些，用寧靜的讀書為每日的繁忙畫上一個優雅的休止符，已經令我感到自豪，哪怕只讀三五頁，也已滿足，關鍵是活得一分安然的心境，心甘情愿地做精神麥田里最后的守望者。[font=ˎ̥, serif] &t5pJ`$(Cy
想起英國作家阿斯查姆在《校長》一書中回憶他最后一次拜訪簡[font=ˎ̥, serif].格雷夫人的情景。那天天氣很好，格雷夫人的父母正在遠處的花園里游獵，笑鬧之聲由窗子潛入寂靜的室內，而格雷夫人卻獨自靜坐在窗子旁，閱讀柏拉圖的《蘇格拉底之死》的精彩篇章。作家十分好奇，格雷夫人回答作家說：[font=ˎ̥, serif]“他們在花園里得到的全部快樂，遠遠不及我在柏拉圖的書中得到的多。[font=ˎ̥, serif]”“索物于夜室者，莫良于火[font=ˎ̥, serif];索道于當世者，莫良于典。[font=ˎ̥, serif]”這是漢代學人王符在《潛夫論》中所論說的話，信然。[font=ˎ̥, serif] 4
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我常常被書感動著，被友情感動著，被鼓勵感動著，被忠誠感動著，被美好感動著，被優秀人物感動著，被思想家感動著，被科學家感動著，被文學家感動著。書于我就像是流水于干裂的土地，書于我就像天空于小鳥[font=ˎ̥, serif]…… Hhx<k{B@7
窗外夜色漸深，疲倦漸濃。合上書本，塞于枕下，坦然入眠。三更有夢書當枕，縱然明日有萬劫不復的災難等著，在夢鄉里，仍會一枕書香而露出一絲無憂的微笑。[font=ˎ̥, serif] H9x xId?3u
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[font=ˎ̥, serif] ——摘自《讀者》[font=ˎ̥, serif]2007年第[font=ˎ̥, serif]15期[font=ˎ̥, serif]P10 _E{SGbCCi
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