2016新東方考博英語

2010年北京大學博士研究生入學考試英語試題

The strangest weather of last year was possibly not on Earth, but on the Sun. Every 11years (31)       the Sun goes through a cycle of sunspots- actually magnetic storms erupting across its surface. The number of sunspots (32) _      its minimum in 2007 and (33)      have increased soon afterwards, but the Sun has remained strangely quiet since then. Scientists have been baffled as weeks and sometimes months have gone by without a single sunspot, in (34)     is thought to be the deepest solar minimum for almost 100 years.
This (35)           of solar activity means that cosmic rays reaching Earth from space have increased and the planet's ionosphere in the upper atmosphere has sunk in (36)      , giving less drag on satellites and making collisions between them and space junk more likely. The solar minimum could also be cooling the climate on Earth because of slightly diminished solar irradiance, in fact, the quiet spell on the Sun may be (37)           some of the warming effects of greenhouse gases, according to recent research by two US solar scientists. The solar minimum, their study suggests, accounts for the somewhat fiat temperature trend of the past decade. But
(38)      if this solar minimum is offsetting global warming, scientists stress that the overall effect is relatively slight and certainly will not last.
The Sun has gone into long quiet spells before. From 1645 to 1715 few sunspots were seen during a period called the Little Ice Age, when short summers and savage winters often plagued Northern Europe. Scotland was hit particularly (39)       as harvests were ruined in cold, miserable summers, which led to famine, death, migration and huge depopulation, But whether the quiet Sun was entirely to blame for it remains highly (40)

31. [A] and so    [B] or so    [C] on so    [D] so on
32. [A] increased    [B] got    [C] reduced    [D] reached
33. [A] should    [B] could    [C] would    [D] might
34. [A] which    [B] that    [C] what    [D] how
35. [A] much    [B] lack    [C] number    [D] amount
36. [A] high    [B] height    [C] altitude    [D] space
37. [A] making    [B] causing    [C] decreasing    [D] masking
38. [A] even    [B] what    [C] in case    [D] still
39. [A] hard    [B] severe    [C] harsh    [D] heavy
40. [A] certain    [B] unlikely    [C] likely    [D] uncertain