考博英語翻譯筆記
bVeTseAG 倒裝和分割結構
ww($0A`ek 為了強調句子的某些部分,或是為了保持句子平衡,英語中常常使用倒裝。大體說來,倒裝可以分為主謂倒裝和非主謂倒裝。主謂倒裝里又分為完全倒裝和部分倒裝。在翻譯的時候,既可以按照主謂語的順序翻譯,也可以按照字面意思翻譯。非主謂倒裝只是將強調部分前置,以保持句子平衡或是起強調作用。翻譯時可以采用順序譯法或是倒序譯法。
Di'u%r 1. For example, they do not compensate for social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.
b H?qijrC 分析:本句中 had he grown up under more favorable circumstances 屬于部分倒裝。正常語序為: if he had grown up under more favorable circumstances 。在正式文體中,可以將虛擬條件句中的 if 省略,并將助動詞提前。
@6co\.bv 譯文:例如,它們(指測試)并不彌補社會的不公,因此不能說明一個貧困青年,要是在比較有利的境況下長大,會有多大才干。
@sHw+to|p) 2. Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday’s “baby boom” generation reached its child-bearing years.
HD)HCDTX 分析:該句中 so did bigger crops of babies 屬于語法倒裝。用 so 來代替前述肯定句謂語部分所說情況。
EOX_[ek7 譯文:不間斷的移民浪潮也起了作用 —— 而且隨著昔日在 “ 生育高峰期 ” 出生的一代人達到生育年齡,嬰兒的出生數量增加了,這同樣起了作用。
= (gmd>N 3. Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone to equal her in thoroughness, whatever the job.
(Q5@MfK` 分析:該句的 Much as I have traveled 是一個由 as 引導的讓步狀語從句。相當于 though I have traveled much ,但語氣要比后者強。這種結構要求部分倒裝。
q83~j`ZJ$ 譯文:我雖然見多識廣,但還從未見過比她細心的人,不管什么職業。
p$nK@t} 4. Only when you have acquired a good knowledge of grammar can you write correctly.
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