介詞短語在句中分析與翻譯的實例

56. Weather is a product of many pLysical factors operating in and on the troposphere with the principal ones being the unequal heating of the earth’s surface by the sun and the rather rapid rota tion of the planet on its axis．
　　天氣是許多自然因素在對流層中起作用并對其施加影響的結果，其中太陽對地球表面加熱不均等和地球自轉比較快則是主要的因素。(with引導的復合結構作定語，用來修飾factors，ones代替factors。)

　　57．It is the village which suffers most，for it is not easy to break the traditional bonds uniting agriculturist families to families of craftsmen，nor to dispel the idea that some one who follows the traditional calling of this caste is acting in a more“suitable" way than some one who takes up a different occupation．
　　鄉村受害最大，因為從事農業家庭與從事手工業家庭的傳統結合是很難分割的。此外，一些人認為一個人遵照等級制度的傳統職業來辦事要比從事不同的職業更為"合適”，這種想法也很難去掉。 (his．．．which為強調句型，強調主語the village．原句是簡單句，The village suffers most．for是連詞，“因為”。uniting．．．to，“把……與……連接”，是分詞短語作定語修飾bonds。nor連詞，連接兩個并列成分，把to break．．．和to dispel．．．兩個不定式短語連接起來。that．．．occupation為同位語從句，用來揭示idea的概念內涵。calling意為“職業”，與occupation相呼應。ina．．．way，“以……方式”。)

　　58．Forging and press-production methods of shaping metal are of tremendous importance in machine-building in general，and in automobile and tractor industry in particular．
　　金屬成形的鍛壓加工方法，一般在機器制造業、特別是在汽車和拖拉機工業中具有重大意義.(be of...“具有”。in general，“通�！�；in particular，“特別”，這兩個短語介詞在句中作插入語用。)

　　59．In fact, in the nineteeth century people used to make gardens in the shape of aclock face，with different flowers opening at different times．
在19世紀，人們常常把花園做成鐘盤形，不同的花在不同的時間開放。 (with引導的復合結構有定語的意味，用來對the shape of a clock進行修飾。)