考博英語翻譯筆記
@J<B^_+Se 倒裝和分割結構
78QFaN$ 為了強調句子的某些部分,或是為了保持句子平衡,英語中常常使用倒裝。大體說來,倒裝可以分為主謂倒裝和非主謂倒裝。主謂倒裝里又分為完全倒裝和部分倒裝。在翻譯的時候,既可以按照主謂語的順序翻譯,也可以按照字面意思翻譯。非主謂倒裝只是將強調部分前置,以保持句子平衡或是起強調作用。翻譯時可以采用順序譯法或是倒序譯法。
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1. For example, they do not compensate for social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.
I(<G;ft<} 分析:本句中 had he grown up under more favorable circumstances 屬于部分倒裝。正常語序為: if he had grown up under more favorable circumstances 。在正式文體中,可以將虛擬條件句中的 if 省略,并將助動詞提前。
?*s!&-KI 譯文:例如,它們(指測試)并不彌補社會的不公,因此不能說明一個貧困青年,要是在比較有利的境況下長大,會有多大才干。
2@&|hd=- 2. Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday’s “baby boom” generation reached its child-bearing years.
Nz}Q"6L 分析:該句中 so did bigger crops of babies 屬于語法倒裝。用 so 來代替前述肯定句謂語部分所說情況。
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