2016考博英語改錯模擬練習題及答案解析

The term biological clock is applied to the means which living __1__things adjust their activity patterns, without any obvious cue, the __2__　time of day, or the month, or the year. They are affected but little,if at all, by drugs, chemicals, or wide temperature differences—factors may alter substantially the rates of all ordinary processes of __3__the body.
　　The nature of the biological clocks mechanism is still a mystery __4__two quite different theories have been advanced to account to __5__them. According to the first of these theories, each individual have envolved, aided by natural selection, an adaptation to the rhythmic __6__environment. It has now become independent on the environment __7__according to this view, the clocks are not perfect timers.
　　They require regular corrections by the natural light and tide cycles and the changed lengths of the day throughout the year. __8__The other theory holds up living things react continuously to __9__their rhythmic physical environment. The setting of their biological clocks, therefore, involves a constant adjustment to subtle clocks which are potential perfect times. __10__

　　答案解析:
　　1.^which—by
　　by the means of 指“通過……方式”，如果吧means作為先行詞，后面定語從句就要有by，這句話意思是“生物鐘指的是生物調節其行為的方式”。
　　2.^the time – to
　　adjust A to B 指A適應B，這句指“在沒有任何提示的情況下，是自己的行為方式適應外界的時間”。
　　3.factors^--which/ that
　　這是一個定語從句，修飾factors，which/that做主語不能省略。
　　4.clocks—clock’s
　　5.to(第二個)--for
　　account for意思是explain，為固定詞組。
　　6.^an—as
　　這句話意思是“這些是由于對規律環境的適應進化而來的”。
　　7.on—of
　　be independent of 意思是“獨立于……，不依賴……”
　　8.changed—changing
　　文章要表達的是“變化著的長度”，應該用現在分詞。
　　9. up去掉或者將up改為that
　　hold本身就有“持……觀點”的意思。
　　10. potential—potentially

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8樓發表于: 2015-11-30

只看該作者 ┊ 小中大

When a human infant is born into any community in any part of the world it has two things in common with any infant, pro- __1__vided neither of them have been damaged in any way either be- __2__fore or during birth. Firstly, and most obviously, newborn children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing __3__the newborn child can do to ensure his own survival. Without care from some other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a child is very unlikely to survive.

　　This helplessness of human infants is in marked contrast with the capacity of many newborn animals to get on their feet __4__within minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young animals are certainly in risk, sometimes __5__for weeks or even months after birth, compared with the human infant they very quickly develop the capacity to fend for them. __6__It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally dependent on the others that is reveals the second fea- __7__ture which is shares with all other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason, biologists now suggest that language be “species-specific ” to the human race, that is __8__to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed __9__in such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies __10__that just as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color, and just as they are designed t stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as well-formed human beings.

　　答案解析：

　　1.and ^ infant 加入other。根據上下文，這里主要指的是與其他嬰兒相比，不是與任何一個嬰兒相比