2022年醫學考博翻譯方法之倍數翻譯

　英語表示倍數增減或倍數對比的句型多種多樣，其中有 一些(如下文中的句型②、⑤、⑥、⑧、(12) 等， 見圈碼)很容易譯錯——其主要原因在于：英漢兩語在 lfp[(Ph)9  
　　表述或對比倍數方面存在著語言與思維差異。現將常 用的英語倍數句型及其正確譯法歸納如下： b}< T<  
　　倍數增加 rXc-V},az8  
　　一、 A is n times as great(long，much，…)as B.(①)A is n times greater (longer， >UvLeS2h:y  
　　more，…)than B.(②)A is n times the size (length， amount，…)of \fIGMoy!  
　　B.(③)以上三句都應譯為;A的大小(長度，數量，……)是B的n倍[或A比B大(長，多，……)n-1倍]. A5cx!h  
　　Eg. This book is three times as long as (three times longer than，three q&OF?z7H  
　　times the length of )that one. xDU>y  
　　這本書的篇幅是那本書的3倍(即長兩倍)。 =NLsT.aa  
　　注：當相比的對象B很明顯時，than(as，of)B常被省去。 5S`_q&  
　　二、increase to n times(④) JoeU J3N  
　　increase n times/n-fold(⑤) \^a(B{   
　　increase by n times(⑥) r8>(ayJ,  
　　increase by a factor of n(⑦) Agt6G\n  
　　以上四式均應譯為：增加到n倍(或：增加n-1倍)。 VWDXEa9  
　　Eg. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times U$jw8I'.  
　　as compared with last year. h!.#r*vV  
　　The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against +@*}_%^l"  
　　l986.化肥產量比1986年增加了4倍。 &c!d}pU}  
　　That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times. V@krw"vW  
　　那可使代謝率提高到原來的2倍或3倍(即提高1倍或2倍)。 x?s5vxAKf  
　　The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four. Mx?]7tI  
　　漏電壓增加了3借(即增加到原來的4倍)。 #=@H-ZuD7  
　　注：在這類句型中increase常被raise，grow，go/step up，multiply等詞所替代。 W=b<"z]RE  
　　三、There is a n-fold increase/growth…(⑧)應譯為：增加n-倍(或增至n倍)。這個句型還有其它一些形式： s}"5uDfn1F  
　　Eg. A record high increase in value of four times was reported. Zx$q,Zo<  
　　據報道,價值破記錄地增長了3倍。 CUJP"u>8M  
　　四、double (增加1倍)，treble(增加2倍)，quadruple(增加3倍)。(⑨)Eg. The efficiency of the '2)c;/-E  
　　machines has been more than trebled or quadrupled.這些機器的效率已提高了2倍或3倍多。 h M{&
if
 
　　五、此外，英語中還有一種用again而不用倍數詞來比較倍數的方法，如： vn oI.;H,  
　　A is as much (large，long，…)again as B.(=A is twice as much ]MI>"hn  
　　(large，long，…)as B.(⑩)應譯為：A比B多(大，長，……)1倍。 ;/tZsE{  
　　A is half as much (large， 1ong，…)again as B. W5'07N^  
　　【=A is one a half times as much (large， 1ong，…)as +Smt8O<N  
　　B.】(11)應譯為:A比B多(大，長……)一半(即A是B的一倍半)。 r(UEPGu|~l