英語表示倍數增減或倍數對比的句型多種多樣,其中有 一些(如下文中的句型②、⑤、⑥、⑧、(12) 等, 見圈碼)很容易譯錯——其主要原因在于:英漢兩語在 表述或對比倍數方面存在著語言與思維差異,F將常 用的英語倍數句型及其正確譯法歸納如下:
7b,,%rUd 倍數增加
YOV4)P" 2{B(j&{ (一) A is n times as great(long,much,…)as B.(①)
(}1v^~FXj A is n times greater (longer, more,…)than B.(②)
N@*wi"Q A is n times the size (length, amount,…)of B.(③)
^I<T+X+< 以上三句都應譯為;A的大。ㄩL度,數量,……)是B的n倍[或A比B大(長,多,……)n-1倍].
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][ Eg. This book is three times as long as (three times longer than,three times the length of )that one.
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2 這本書的篇幅是那本書的3倍(即長兩倍)。
gMBQtPNM =Xy`"i{`( 注:當相比的對象B很明顯時,than(as,of)B常被省去。
A!W"*WT (#B^Hyz! (二)increase to n times(④)
x`+
l# increase n times/n-fold(⑤)
e(w/m(!Wny increase by n times(⑥)
W`u$7k]$ increase by a factor of n(⑦)
i=1 }lkq 以上四式均應譯為:增加到n倍(或:增加n-1倍)。
60,-\h EARfbb"SG7 Eg. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with last year.
)y`TymM[F The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against l986.
] `B,L*m6 化肥產量比1986年增加了4倍。
GL5^_`n That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times.
j!S1Y0CV 那可使代謝率提高到原來的2倍或3倍(即提高1倍或2倍)。
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The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four.
<+\k&W&Y|y 漏電壓增加了3借(即增加到原來的4倍)。
b~/Wnp5 注:在這類句型中increase常被raise,grow,go/step up,multiply等詞所替代。
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