翻譯專項訓練2004四川大學

Part A (20%, 20 minutes)
Direction: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your Chineseversion on the ANSWER SHEET．
The methodof scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary modeof working of the human mind; it is simply the mode by which all phenomena arereasoned about and given precise and exact explanations. The difference betweenthe operations and methods of a baker weighing out his goods in common scales,and the operations of a chemist by means of his balance is not that the scalesin the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles oftheir construction or manner of working; but that the latter is a much finerapparatus and of course much more accurate in its measurement than the former．
Probablythere is not one here who has not in the course of the day had occasion to setin motion of a complex train of reasoning, of the very same kind, thoughdiffering in degree, as that which a scientific man goes through in tracing thecauses of natural phenomena．
Part B (20%, 20 minutes)
Direction: Translate the following sentences into English and write yourEnglish version on the ANSWER SHEET．
1．荷花居污泥而不染，若為怕水污而種在旱地上，它早就枯死了。人生也一樣，避惡、避丑、避邪，只能說明自己心靈脆弱。
2．任何時候我們都必須堅持尊重社會發展規律與尊重人民歷史主導地位的一致性，堅持為崇高理想奮斗與廣大人民謀利益的一致性，堅持完成黨的各項工作與實現人民利益的一致性。
3．美國的經濟體制主要是圍繞著私人企業和以市場為導向而建立起來的，在這種經濟中，消費者們在很大程度上通過他們在市場上花錢購買他們最需要的貨物和設施來決定廠家該生產什么。
4．在經濟加快發展的過程中，又出現一些新的矛盾，特別是投資規模偏大，部分行業和地區盲目投資，低水平重復建設比較嚴重，能源、交通和部分原材料供求關系緊張。
5．回顧過去一年，我們清醒地看到，在前進道路上還有許多困難和問題，政府工作還有不少缺點，群眾還有一些不滿意的地方，多年積累的深層次矛盾從根本上解決還需要相當長時間。
KEY
Part A
　　科學研究的方法不過是人類思維運作的必要模式的表現：這種模式就是通過它來推理、論證所有的現象并給出精確的解釋。用普通的天平稱貨物的面包師與用精密天平的化學家在操作與方法上的區別并不是面包師的天平與化學家的天平在構造上和工作原理上的不同，而只是后者是比前者精密得多的儀器，當然也能得出比前者更準確的結果。
　　大概我們這兒沒有一個人在一天的過程中沒有機會作一項復雜的推理，這種過程與科學家們探索自然現象的原因所經歷的過程，雖然有著程度上的差異，但歸根結底還是一樣的。
Part B
1．Lotus comes out of ooze, yetremains stainless. If it were planted on dry land for fear that it would bestained by sullage, it would have withered away. It holds the same argument forlife. Avoiding evil, ugliness, and wickedness can only prove a fragile soul ofone's own．
2．All of us must stick at any time tothe consistency of the respect to the law of social development and thedominant status of people in history, the struggle for the lofty ideal andpursuit of the masses' interest, the fulfillment of the tasks of the Party andthe realization of people's interests．
3．The economic system of U. S. A．is mainly set up centering on theprivate enterprises and market orientation. In such kind of economic system,consumers can to a large extent determine what the manufacturers should produceby the purchase of the goods and facilities they need most on the market．
4．Some new conflicts emerge duringthe accelerating process of economic development, especially that theinvestment scale is too large; people invest blindly in some industries andareas; the problem of low-level duplicated construction is very serious; andthe relationship between the supply and demand of resources, traffic and someraw materials is very intense．