2012年川大金榜考博英語長難句解析

2012年川大金榜考博英語長難句解析

1.The American economic system is, organized around a basicallyprivate-enterprise, market- oriented economy in which consumers largelydetermine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace forthose goods and services that they want most.
[參考譯文] 美國的經濟是以基本的私有企業和市場導向經濟為架構的，在這種經濟中，消費者很大程度上通過在市場上為那些他們最想要的貨品和服務付費來決定什么應該被制造出來。
2.Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers,coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire ofindividuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall beproduced and how resources are used to produce it.
[參考譯文] 因此，在美國的經濟體系中，個體消費者的需求與商人試圖最大化其利潤的欲望和個人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相結合，一起決定了什么應該被制造，以及資源如何被用來制造它們。
3.If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing itscost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, whichin turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.
[參考譯文] 另一方面，如果大量制造某種商品導致其成本下降，那么這就有可能增加賣方和制造商能提供的供給，而這也就會反過來降低價格并允許更多的消費者購買產品。
4.In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only theownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the rightto determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with anotherprivate individual.