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四川大學細胞生物學考博真題
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考生請注意： jc~*#\N 1．本試題共5大題，共12頁，請考生注意檢查，考試時間為180分鐘。 pW^ ?g|_} 2．1-70題答案請填寫在機讀卡相應處，否則不給分。 H{Y=& #%d 3．翻譯和作文請答在答題紙上，答在試題上不給分。書寫要求字跡清楚、工整。 -L50kk
>h Wu;|(2I nC{rs+P I．Reading Comprehension (30%; one mark each) =2)$|KC Directions: Read the following six passages. Answer thequestions below each passage by choosing [A], [B], [C], or [D]. Write youranswers on the Answer Sheet. [T#a1! -/2$P Passage One %oKqK >S) In general, oursociety is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucraticmanagement in which man becomes a small,well-oiled cog in the machinery. Theoiling is done with higher wages, Nell-ventilated factories and piped music,and by psychologists and “human-relations” experts; yet all this oiling doesnot alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he is bored with it. Infact, the blue and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets whodance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management. glX2L ~ The worker andemployee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job;they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfactionof interesting life. They live and die without ever having confronted thefundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectuallyindependent and productive human beings. ^Ro
du Those higher up onthe social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than thoseof their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They arein a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matterof salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for theirfirst job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture ofsubmissiveness and independence. From the moment on they are tested again andagain-by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by theirsuperiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc.This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one’sfellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes ofunhappiness and illness. 18tQWI$ Am I suggestingthat we should return to the preindustrial mode of production or tonineteenth-century “free enterprise” capitalism? Certainly not. Problems thenever solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggesttransforming our social system form, a bureaucratically managed industrialismin which maxima, production and consumption are ends in themselves, into ahumanist industrialism in which man and full development of hispotentialities-those of all love and of reason-are the aims of socialarrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this endand should be prevented from ruling man. Zy3&Zt v.v%k 2;亚洲国产精品va在线观看麻豆
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