考博英語翻譯技巧：詞類轉換

(1)轉譯成動詞
　　1)名詞轉換成動詞
　　經典例題: Interest in historical methods has arisen，less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.
　　分析:interest在原文中是名詞，而在譯文中為了符合中文的表達方式，在不改變意思的前提下，將它改成動詞。
　　參考譯文: 人們之所以關注歷史研究的方法，主要是因為史學家們內部分歧過大，其次才是因為外界并不認為歷史是一門學科。(1999年真題)
　　經典例題: With the click of a mouse，information from the other end of the globe will be transported to your computer screen at the dizzying speed of seven_and_a_half times around the earth per second.
　　參考譯文: 只要一點鼠標，來自世界另一端的信息便會以每秒繞地球七周半的驚人速度傳輸到你的電腦屏幕上。
　　2)形容詞轉換成動詞
　　經典例題: Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.
　　參考譯文: 由于人口的猛增或大量人口流動(現代交通工具使大量人口流動變得相對容易)所造成的種種問題也會增加社會壓力。(2000年真題)
　　經典例題: Doctors have said that they are not sure they can save his life. 參考譯文: 醫生們說他們不敢肯定能否救得了他的命。 Success is dependent on his effort. 參考譯文成功與否取決于他的努力。
　　3)副詞轉換成動詞
　　經典例題: She opened the window to let fresh air in. 參考譯文: 她把窗子打開，讓新鮮空氣進來。
　　4)介詞轉換成動詞
　　經典例題: Many laboratories are developing medicines against AIDS. 參考譯文: 許多實驗室正在研制治療艾滋病的藥物。
　　經典例題: “Coming!”Away she skimmed over the lawn，up the path，up the steps，across the veranda，and into the porch. 參考譯文: “來了!”她轉身蹦著跳著地跑了，越過草地，跑上小徑，跨上臺階，穿過涼臺，進了門廊。
　　(2)轉換成名詞
　　1)動詞轉換成名詞
　　經典例題: The university aims at the first rate of the world. 參考譯文學校的目標是世界一流。
　　經典例題: The net and electronic commerce will foster a large number of free_fancers，and this will affect social structure in a big way.
　　參考譯文: 網絡和電子商業將會造就一大批自由職業者，從而將對社會結構產生深遠的影響。經典例題: Numerous abstentions marked the French elections. 參考譯文: 這次法國選舉的特點是棄權的人多。
　　2)形容詞轉換成名詞
　　經典例題: They did their best to help the sick and the wounded. 參考譯文: 他們盡了最大努力幫助病號和傷號。
　　經典例題: The different production cost is closely associated with the sources of power. 參考譯文: 生產成本的差異與能源密切相關。
　　3)代詞轉換成名詞