考博試題

~ Passage 5
     According to a recent publicationof the Equal Employment Opportunity Corrunission, at the present rate of,'progress" it will take forty-three years tO end jobdiscrimination--hardly a reasonable timetable.
       If our goal is educational and economic equity and parity-and it is thenwe need affirmative action.to catch upi We are behihd as a result ofdiscrimination and denial of opportunity. There is one white attorney for every680 wtfites, but only one black attorney for every 4,000 blacks; one whitephysician for every 659 whites, but only one black physician for every 5,000blacks; and one white dentist for every 1,900 whites, but only one blackdentist for every 8,400 blacks. Less th,mi 1 percent of all.engineers or of all practicing chemists--is black.Cruel and uncompassionate injustice created gaps like these. We need cre'ativejustice and compassion to help us close them.
     Actually, in the U.S.context, "reverse discrimination" is illogical and a conradicfion interms. Never in the history of mankind has a majority, with power, engaged inprograms and written laws that discriminate against itself. The only thingwhites are giving up because of affirmative action is unfair advantage something that was unnecessary in the firstplace.
      Blacks are not making progress at the expense of whites, as newsaccounts make it seem..There are 49 percent more whites in medical school todayand 64 percent more whites in law school than there were when affirmativeaction programs began somein fact, is exactly what has happened in law and medicalschools. In 1968, the year