一、概說
x\!vr. 連詞是一種虛詞,用于連接單詞、短語、從句或句子,在句子中不單獨用作句子成分。連詞按其性質可分為并列連詞和從屬連詞。并列連詞用于連接并列的單詞、短語、從句或句子,如and, but, or, for等;從屬連詞主要引出名詞性從句(主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句等)和狀語從句(時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、目的狀語從句等),引出名詞性從句的連詞如that, whether等,引出狀語從句的連詞如when, because, since, if 等。
Mo] 二、并列連詞的用法
%$F_oO7" 1. 表示轉折關系的并列連詞。這類連詞主要有 but, yet 等。如:
<tv"I-2 Someone borrowed my pen, but I don’t remember who. 有人借了我的鋼筆,但我不記得是誰了。
r#w.yg4EX He said he was our friend, yet he wouldn’t help us. 他說他是我們的朋友,但卻不肯幫助我們。
?I7%ueFY 2. 表示因果關系的并列連詞。這類連詞主要有 for, so 等。如:
-o+; e3# The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor. 這孩子咳得很利害,所以他媽媽帶他去看醫生。
5>>JQ2'W You are supposed to get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to serious errors. 你們一定要克服粗枝大葉,因為粗枝大葉常常引起嚴重的錯誤。
i!+0''i{# 注意:for表示結果通常不能放句首,也不能單獨使用。
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3. 表示并列關系的并列連詞。這類連詞主要有 and , or , either…or , neither…nor , not only…but (also) , both…and , as well as 等。如:
i}v3MO\X He didn’t go and she didn’t go either. 他沒去,她也沒去。
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kL>v & The weather is mild today; it is neither hot nor cold. 今天天氣很溫暖,不冷也不熱。
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X ([VZ Both New York and London have traffic problems. 紐約和倫敦都存在交通問題。
|b+CXEzo It is important for you as well as for me. 這對你和對我都很重要。
BO'7c1FU People who are either under age or over age may not join the army. 年齡不到或者超齡的人都不得參軍。
;+rcT;_^/ 三、從屬連詞的用法
`It3X.^} 1. 引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞
)pG*_q (1) 表示“當…時候”或“每當”的時間連詞。主要的 when, while, as, whenever。如:
ageTv/ Don’t talk while you’re eating. 吃飯時不要說話。
j5G=ZI86y Vegetables are best when they are fresh. 蔬菜新鮮時最好吃。
2 @t?@,c He came just as I was leaving. 我正要走時他來了。
{11xjvAD (2) 表示“在…之前(或之后)”的時間連詞。主要的有before, after。如:
9S8V`aC Try to finish your work before you leave. 離開前設法把工作做完。
]p8<Vluv After we have finished tea, we will sit on the grass. 喝完茶之后我們將坐在草地上。
F-GH?sfvi (3) 表示“自從”或“直到”的時間連詞。主要的有since, until, till。如:
:Q"p!,X=- She’s been playing tennis since she was eight. 她從八歲起就打網球了。
N 'YzCq;M Hold on until I fetch help. 堅持一下,等我找人來幫忙。
63c\1]YB. Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. (諺)不要無事惹事。
sU"sd7#A (4) 表示“一…就”的時間連詞。主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no sooner…than, hardly…when等。如:
U;LX"'} I’ll let you know as soon as I hear from her. 我一接她的信就通知你。
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